Pediatric neurosurgery involves surgical treatment of brain, spine, and nervous system disorders in children. It addresses conditions like congenital malformations (spina bifida, hydrocephalus), brain tumors, epilepsy, traumatic brain injuries, and vascular abnormalities. These issues may arise due to genetic factors, prenatal developmental problems, infections, or trauma. Early diagnosis is crucial, as the developing nervous system is highly sensitive. Surgery may be required to remove tumors, repair birth defects, alleviate pressure on the brain, or control seizures. Pediatric neurosurgeons work closely with other specialists to ensure comprehensive care and improve a child's quality of life./p>